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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties produce distinct flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, tarter taste profile and are frequently used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of global production. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta and come in a variety of flavour profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee bean company can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and processing methods employed to make it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. medium roast coffee beans beans are actually seeds that sprout within bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were energized after eating the fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and they are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica good coffee beans is believed to be the most delicious type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make distinctive coffees that work well with a wide range of brewing methods. Blending allows for control over the flavour, aroma and body of the coffee and is often preferred in order to achieve a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most sought-after kind of coffee bean around the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids may cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica, and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a cheaper crop to grow.

While it might seem contradictory, Robusta beans are often combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya listed on a bag of coffee it's likely there's some robusta in there as well.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to reduce costs and preserve quality. To preserve the flavor integrity you must select the highest quality beans from a reliable source. This can be done by purchasing your beans directly from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped and are therefore distinct from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a scent that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are often added to other bean varieties to create a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and can withstand hot, humid climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from many sources, however it's preferred to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants are fertile, deep volcanic soils with a moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a distinct species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are found on large coffee plants, which can grow to 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique taste is both tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for house blends. They are also lighter in aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still possess a unique quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans unroasted beans, Excelsa beans aren't so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as an entirely different species of coffee beans wholesale suppliers until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped as teardrops and have a dark, mysterious taste. They're typically used in blends to provide extra body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for having a an apricot-like flavor. They grow best at high altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They also have a little of acidity. If properly brewed and roasted they can be flavored like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and accounts for around 40% of the world's coffee. These beans are smaller and rounder however, they contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

After you've learned about the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to choose your perfect brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste pick an arabica or a blend comprised of robusta beans and arabica beans.